Journals and Conference Proceedings
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Browsing Journals and Conference Proceedings by Department "Engineering"
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Item An Agent-Based Simulation Model to Plan for Continuity of Care for Chronic Diseases after Natural Disasters(2024-03) Pérez, EduardoNo abstract prepared.Item Autonomous Innovation: Revolutionizing Urban Firefighting with Data and Artificial Intelligence(2024-03) Valles, DamianEmerging technologies in emergency response highlight the significant risks to firefighters and responders during missions. Traditional firefighting relies on human insight and experience and is susceptible to mistakes in high-stress situations. Innovations like autonomous systems, IoT, and machine learning offer improvements in emergency management. However, their practical application must catch up in performing its capabilities and community acceptance of its implementation. This project aims to bridge this gap by deploying autonomous units that collect data and apply machine learning to improve urban firefighting.Item Guar gum, a versatile natural polymer to improve human health and water quality(2023-04) Mandal, Sujata; Hwang, SangchulHumans are constantly exposed to hazardous chemicals present in water, air, food, and soil which can lead to a multitude of negative health impacts. Advanced materials can play a key role in preventing these impacts and biocompatible hydrogels prepared from natural polymers have gained popularity in recent years as high-performance materials for environmental contaminant remediation, drug delivery, and tissue engineering. Hydrogels possess three-dimensional network structure and can easily absorb and retain water. Guar gum (GG), a natural non-ionic, hydrophilic, abundant low-cost polysaccharide is an excellent candidate for gel fabrication. Dye- contamination in water supplies due to industrial effluents is one of the major water pollution issues and continues to be a significant public health concern given their potential toxicity to humans under acute or prolonged exposures. As a result, the development of technologies capable of removing organic contaminants especially industrial dyes like Malachite green (MG), Crystal violet (CV), Congo Red (CR) etc. has drawn the attention of numerous researchers So, it is imperative to develop ecofriendly multifunctional hydrogels which can positively impact human health by preventing exposure to environmental pollutants and making them suitable for injectable drug delivery. In our study, we report the development of cost-effective ecofriendly Guar Gum based hydrogel which displayed remarkable toxic dye removal property, self healing property and injectable property.Item Impact of Chamber Pressure on Indium Doped β-Gallium Oxide(2022-04) Rahaman, Imteaz; Saha, Puja Rani; Taqy, Saif Al Arafin; Sarkar, Pallab Kumar; Saha, Jibesh Kanti; Haque, ArifulIndium doped β-Ga2O3 (IGO) have been a major research interest for the last few decades due to their importance in bandgap engineering to fabricate high-power electronics, deep UV photonic devices, and nuclear detectors. In this work, we deposited two types of (InxGa1-x)2O3 alloy with x=25%, samples at 620 ºC substrate temperature while varying the partial oxygen chamber pressure from 1x10-3 to 5x10-2 torr. Our analysis shows that IGO exhibits significant conductivity at high growth pressure, but it shows poor electrical properties at low oxygen pressure. Further crystal analysis exhibited polycrystalline behavior for the conductive samples and monoclinic, near single-crystalline behavior for the non-conductive samples. The conductive samples has a mobility of 7.02 cm2Vs-1, resistivity of 0.05118 Ω-cm, and a carrier concentration of 1.737x10 19 cm-3. According to the bonding analysis, such superior mobility can be attributed to the generation of free electrons due to the reduction of trap sites due to the higher number of metal-oxygen lattices in the IGO thin film.Item Impact of Municipal Solid Waste Landfill on Climate Change and Human Well-being: A Case Study on Aminbazar Landfill, Dhaka North City Corporation, Bangladesh(2022-04) Khondoker, Marufa; Rahman, M. Maksudur; Hwang, SangchulGlobal warming and climate change have become warning topics to think about around the globe. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions have increased by over 90% since 1970, with fossil fuel burning and industrial processes accounting for around 78 percent of the entire increase in greenhouse gas emissions between 1970 and 2011 (Environmental Protection Agency, EPA, US). Apart from industries, there are other contributors who are responsible for Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions, such as unmanaged Solid waste landfills. Globally the estimation of methane gas is still a topic of debate, and several methods are there. Also, most of the reports have come up with qualitative data regarding the health impact of the waste workers and the dwellers. This work aims to calculate methane (CH4) emissions from Aminbazar solid waste (SW) disposal site, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Microbes digest degradable organic carbon from rubbish in solid waste disposal sites (SWDS) under anaerobic conditions, producing methane (CH4) and other compounds. The Aminbazar trash disposal area, which falls under the jurisdiction of the Dhaka North City Corporation (DNCC), has been visited, and waste statistics and other vital information have been gathered from the Waste Report and the Key Informant Interview (KII) of DNCC high officials. The Aminbazar landfill has been in operation since 2007, and it is scheduled to close in 2023. This dump is better controlled and has more data than the other Dhaka South City Corporation landfill, Matuail (DSCC). Hence, the Aminbazar disposal site has been selected to estimate the trend of Methane gas (CH4) using two contradictory methods, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 2006 default method and the LandGEM model (a first-order decay method). Then, results have been compared and analyzed that the IPCC default method estimates 40-60% more methane gas than the LandGEM model due to the assumptions applied. Eventually, it has been found that If we consider that Aminbazar landfill emits an average of 40 Gg of methane gas per year, we may conclude that the landfill is responsible for emitting 2.96 kg/acre/day of methane gas. Furthermore, the people of DNCC contribute to global warming by generating 17.96 grams of methane gas per day. (This assumes a total population of 6.1 million in the DNCC area). Interviews with landfill officials and neighboring people were done in a qualitative format. According to the findings, landfills are located relatively close to residential areas, bodies of water, and agricultural regions, exposing people to a variety of health and environmental concerns. Improper solid waste management procedures at landfills have a negative impact on the environment through leachate percolation, trash combustion, and vector breeding. To lessen the accompanying environmental pollution and health hazards, the existing solid waste management system requires administrative and technical changes. More research needs to be conducted to calculate methane gas emissions from waste disposal sites in Bangladesh.Item Latest Innovations in Natural Gum-based Polymer(2024-03) Mandal, Sujata; Hwang, San; Sen, KeyaSuperabsorbent polymers (SAPs) are polymers that exhibit effective moisture retention and absorbency and hence find applications in baby diapering, packaging, feminine hygiene, and adult incontinence products. Absorbent hygiene products (AHPs) have made an important contribution to the quality of life and skin health of millions of people. Commercial hygiene products are petrochemical-originated, exhibit toxicity, high market price, and pose environmental and public health concerns. They are non-biodegradable and have an estimated period of ~500 years to decompose and are the third largest contributor to municipal solid waste in the USA. Moreover, AHPs are composed of harmful chemicals –dioxins, which can cause an array of health problems including developmental delays, damaged immunity, hormone interference, skin diseases, and certain types of cancer. Biobased superabsorbent hydrogels prepared from natural gum provide greener alternative materials to fossil-based materials and have prospective uses in food, water, energy, environment, biomedical, and hygiene products. Elderly/baby skin is more fragile and vulnerable to injury and has poorer healing properties. In our study, we report the development of Super absorbent Polymer (SAPs) using Guar gum (GG). Guar is considered a safe, environmentally friendly, inexpensive, and abundant polymer extracted from the seeds of the Guar plant.Item Providing Continuity of Care for Chronic Diseases After Natural Disasters: A Resource Allocation Model for Public Health Preparedness in Texas(2023-04) Perez, EduardoNo abstract prepared.Item The Effect of Alphasoil on the Engineering Properties of Soil at Khulna Region of Bangladesh(2022-04) Datta, Pingki; Alamgir, Muhammed; Bernhard, WernerSoil stabilization is the process of improving the engineering properties of soil and thereby making it more stable. It is essential if the soil available for construction is not appropriate for the intended purpose. Most road embankments in areas susceptible to flooding suffer soil erosion, making roads unusable in Bangladesh. Landslides have been identified as a rising danger at the national level, owing to the effects of increased frequency of extreme precipitation events, population pressure in flat places, high rates of urbanization, hill cutting and deforestation, and a lack of cultural understanding. Landslide disasters have claimed many lives and damaged key infrastructure, ecosystems, livelihoods, and the local economy in Bangladesh's Chittagong Hill Districts (CHD) in recent years. One of the biggest causes of the worst-case scenario of landslide catastrophes is the unsafe construction of earthen structures such as dams. The successful application of soil stabilization can be a key factor to prevent these damages. As a result, new Nanotechnology such as alphasoil is introduced as one form of chemical soil stabilizer which is acting as a catalyst in such clayey soil to boost soft soil properties. But the research question is whether it is possible to improve the soil properties by alphasoil in Bangladesh and if it is then how much improvement is possible. That’s why this study focuses primarily on various types of laboratory experiments to determine the improvement of soil properties after treating with alphasoil. There were mainly five types of soils (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5) collected from selected locations at KUET Campus, Bangladesh. The properties of soil samples and performance evaluation experiments included: moisture content, liquid limit and plastic limit, specific gravity, grain size distribution, standard proctor test, unconfined compressive strength test, and water storage test. The concentrated alphasoil used in this study was mixed with water in 1:4 ratios. It was found that the strength increases almost about 36.3, 21.5, 20, 17.2 & 26.67% for S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5 respectively. It was observed that the plasticity index decreases about 16.6, 55.6, 12.5, 25, and 60% by using a very small amount of alphasoil following each sample such as S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5 respectively. From the microscopic test, the treated soil structure was appeared more compacted than the untreated soil sample. Furthermore, the findings of this research affirm the potential for using alphasoil to stabilize tropical residual soils, in particular the construction of landslides, earthen dams and pavement base or subbase layers in Bangladesh, or other construction projects in tropical regions with extensive earthworks requiring a large volume of clay soils. The results obtained clearly show that the introduction of alphasoil promotes the properties of soft soil. With the pilot-scale application of alphasoil, people’s life can be saved and economic loss due to landslides can be stopped. Currently, alpahsoil has been started to implement for the development of infrastructures such as road and settlement areas, within the refugee camps in Cox’s Bazar.