College of Applied Arts
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10877/17048
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Browsing College of Applied Arts by Subject "4D-FIS"
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Item Re-conceptualizing Food Insecurity with a New, Multi-dimensional Scale(2016-06) Johnson, Cassandra M.; Ammerman, Alice S.; Adair, Linda S.; Aiello, Allison E.; Flax, Valerie L.; Elliott, Sinikka; Bowen, Sarah K.Background: USDA's Food Security Survey Module - measure of food insecurity; Used for national monitoring and surveillance in Canada and US; FSSM has important limitations. Objective: To develop and evaluate a new, multi-dimensional measure of food insecurity for use in programs and research. Methods: Cross-sectional data (2014-2015) from prospective project; Voices Into Action: The Families, Food, and Health Project; Diverse sample of mothers from North Carolina (n=109); Qualitative and quantitative data; In-depth interviews; Surveys; Four-Dimensional Food Insecurity Scale (4D-FIS) reflects four dimensions of food insecurity: Quantitative; Qualitative; Psychological; Social. Categorization of severity: Food secure; Mildly food insecure; Severely food insecure. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to examine the hypothesized, four-factor structure of 4D-FIS. Concordance analysis to compare categorization between the two food insecurity scales: 1) 4D-FIS and 2) USDA FSSM adult scale (2). Results: Data supported the four-factor model; 4D-FIS categorized more participants as food insecure vs. USDA scale; Fair to moderate agreement in categorization between scales. Conclusions: Promising alternative measure; Implications for programs, interventions, and research applications.