Recreational Marijuana Use and Acute Myocardial Infarction: Insights from Nationwide Inpatient Sample in the United States

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dc.contributor.authorDesai, Rupak
dc.contributor.authorPatel, Upenkumar
dc.contributor.authorSharma, Shobhit
dc.contributor.authorAmin, Parth
dc.contributor.authorBhuva, Rushikkumar
dc.contributor.authorPatel, Malav S.
dc.contributor.authorSharma, Nitin
dc.contributor.authorShah, Manan
dc.contributor.authorPatel, Smit
dc.contributor.authorSavani, Sejal
dc.contributor.authorBatra, Neha
dc.contributor.authorKumar, Gautam
dc.date.accessioned2019-08-30T19:56:36Z
dc.date.available2019-08-30T19:56:36Z
dc.date.issued2017-11
dc.description.abstractBackground: Marijuana is a widely used recreational substance. Few cases have been reported of acute myocardial infarction following marijuana use. To our knowledge, this is the first ever study analyzing the lifetime odds of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with marijuana use and the outcomes in AMI patients with versus without marijuana use. Methods: We queried the 2010-2014 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database for 11-70-year-old AMI patients. Pearson Chi-square test for categorical variables and Student T-test for continuous variables were used to compare the baseline demographic and hospital characteristics between two groups (without vs. with marijuana) of AMI patients. The univariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess and compare the clinical outcomes between two groups. We used Cochran-Armitage test to measure the trends. All statistical analyses were executed by IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). We used weighted data to produce national estimates in our study. Results: Out of 2,451,933 weighted hospitalized AMI patients, 35,771 patients with a history of marijuana and 2,416,162 patients without a history of marijuana use were identified. The AMI-marijuana group consisted more of younger, male, African American patients. The length of stay and mortality rate were lower in the AMI-marijuana group with more patients being discharged against medical advice. Multivariable analysis showed that marijuana use was a significant risk factor for AMI development when adjusted for age, sex, race (adjusted OR 1.079, 95% CI 1.065-1.093, p<0.001); adjusted for age, female, race, smoking, cocaine abuse (adjusted OR 1.041, 95% CI 1.027-1.054, p<0.001); and also when adjusted for age, female, race, payer status, smoking, cocaine abuse, amphetamine abuse and alcohol abuse (adjusted OR: 1.031, 95% CI: 1.018-1.045, p<0.001). Complications such as respiratory failure (OR 18.9, CI 15.6-23.0, p<0.001), cerebrovascular disease (OR 9.0, CI 7.0-11.7, p<0.001), cardiogenic shock (OR 6.0, CI 4.9-7.4, p<0.001), septicemia (OR 1.8, CI 1.5-2.2, p<0.001), and dysrhythmia (OR 1.8, CI 1.5-2.1, p<0.001) were independent predictors of mortality in AMI-marijuana group. Conclusion: The lifetime AMI odds were increased in recreational marijuana users. Overall odds of mortality were not increased significantly in AMI-marijuana group. However, marijuana users showed higher trends of AMI prevalence and related mortality from 2010-2014. It is crucial to assess cardiovascular effects related to marijuana overuse and educate patients for the same.
dc.description.departmentBiology
dc.formatText
dc.format.extent18 pages
dc.format.medium1 file (.pdf)
dc.identifier.citationDesai, R., Patel, U., Sharma, S., Amin, P., Bhuva, R., Patel, M. S., Sharma, N., Shah, M., Patel, S., Savani, C., Batra, N., & Kumar, G. (2017). Recreational marijuana use and acute myocardial infarction: Insights from nationwide inpatient sample in the United States. Cureus, 9(11), e1816.
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.1816
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10877/8581
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherCureus, Inc.
dc.rights.holder© 2017 Desai et al.
dc.rights.licenseThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States License.
dc.sourceCureus, 2017, Vol. 9, No. 11, e1816.
dc.subjectcannabis
dc.subjectcardiovascular
dc.subjectmarijuana
dc.subjectmortality
dc.subjectmyocardial infarction
dc.subjectnationwide
dc.subjectrecreational
dc.subjectsubstance abuse
dc.subjecttrend
dc.subjectacute myocardial infarction
dc.subjectBiology
dc.titleRecreational Marijuana Use and Acute Myocardial Infarction: Insights from Nationwide Inpatient Sample in the United States
dc.typeArticle

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